In chapter six there is much to read about. The main idea of chapter six is what is the difference between valid and week conclusion from claims. The reading starts by giving a definition of what a compound claims are. A compound claim is two claims that make up one claim; every individual claim is called alternatives. It then proceeds to reason what a “or ”claim, conditional claims, valid & weak, chain claim and reasoning from hypothesis.
The or claim is seen as false dilemma because it concludes from the claims. Ex: A or B or C
Not A, not B
so C
the conditional claim is: If “A”, then “B”
while the contradictor of a conditional is : If “A” but not “B”
Other words are commonly used for “If” such Although, Even If, Despite that.
Under Valid & Weak there are 4 ways to reason. Two that are valid: If “A” then “B” If “A” then “B”
A not B
So B not A
Two weak: If “A” then “B” If “A” then “B”
B not A
So A not B
No matter what: If A then B
If not A, then B
So B
Reasoning from hypothesis is assuming something is true and building an argument from that. While the argument can only be valid if the hypothesis is proven to be correct.
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